Massage Therapy and Anatomy – Arthrology Definition

Arthrology is the study of joints.

Joints occur where the surfaces of 2 or more bones meet. An articulation is another term which refers to a “joint”

Why is arthrology important to massage therapy?

Massage therapists work with the musculoskeletal system. Clients may present with symptoms which may be confusing – it is necessary for a therapist to assess a client’s presentation and form a clinical impression – meaning, his or her opinion on the cause of the symptoms. (remember, massage therapists are not permitted to provide a diagnosis).

Muscles cross joints to produce movement, and any joint dysfunction may lead to muscular imbalance and pain. Muscle tone which doesn’t support a joint (hypotonic – meaning not enough tone), or restricts movement too much (hypertonic – meaning excessive tone), may cause pain in the joint itself.

For a therapist to successfully treat the underlying cause of any symptom, he or she must understand the relationship between muscles and the joints which they cross, as well as the anatomy of the joint itself.

Massage Therapy and Anatomy – C1, C2 and Arthrology

Question of May 8, 2009 – The C1 and C2 vertebrae are considered “atypical”. Why is this, and explain how the 2 vertebrae relate to each other.

C1 and C2 are considered “atypical” cervical vertebrae because their form and function differ from the other 5 cervical vertebrae.

C1, also known as the ‘atlas’, is a circular ring of bone, which consists of anterior and posterior arches and 2 lateral masses. On the superior surface of the lateral masses are the superior articular facets, on which sit the occipital condyles. This allows for a “nodding Yes” motion of the head. On the posterior surface of the anterior arch is the facet for the odontoid process of C2. (see below).

There are no intervertebral discs between C1 and C2.

C2, also known as the ‘axis’, is somewhat similar to other cervical vertebrae, except for the presence of the “dens” or odontoid process – a bony protrusion which projects upward and articulates with the anterior arch of C1. (it is held in place here by the transverse ligament which attaches on both lateral masses of C1). The axis allows for rotation of the head, as in shaking your head “no”

How is this relevant in Massage Therapy? – This is a very vulnerable part of the body, so understanding the anatomical structures in the area is necessary in the case where a therapist may have clients with a WAD injury (whiplash associated disorder). Clients who may have had a bad slip, fall or accident (car or otherwise) in which acceleration/deceleration occured may have the potential for instability in this area. It is important, ergo, for the client’s physician to give a green light for massage therapy treatment, and then for the therapist to proceed carefully.

Question for today (easier today)

What does the term arthrology mean?

Anatomy and the Massage Therapist – know your stuff!

Let’s face it people, massage therapy just isn’t effective unless you have a good working knowledge of anatomy. I will be adding posts several times a week with “Test your anatomy knowledge” questions, and answering them in the subsequent post. You may have to dig a little bit to find the answers, but hey, cracking a book never killed anyone, and this could be a really great review and/or learning experience.

Today I’ll start with an easy one:

How many divisions, or sections, are there of the spine? Within each division, how many bones are there?

Good luck!