Anatomy

Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome (TMJD from herein), is a broad term that refers to the dysfunction of the articulation between the mandible and the cranium – aka the TMJ or temporomandibular joint. TMJD is not exclusively a disorder of the bony structures, but may also be a result of hypertonic muscles which affect the joint and therefore... [Read more of this review]

The study of anatomy refers to the study of the structures of the body. There are various types of anatomy with which a massage therapist must be familiar. These are: Clinically oriented anatomy emphasizes structure and function as it relates to the practice of medicine and other health sciences Surface anatomy visualization of the structures that... [Read more of this review]

There are 10 systems in the body. 1. integumentary system – skin and structures within it 2. skeletal – bones and cartilage 3. articular – joints and associated ligaments 4. muscular – 5. nervous – central nervous system (brain and spinal cord), and peripheral nervous system (cranial and spinal nerves) 6. circulatory – cardiovascular (heart... [Read more of this review]

Understanding the anatomy of the lumbar spine is key to understanding and managing low back pain. The lumbar spine, commonly called the “low back”, consists of 5 vertebrae, and is located between the thoracic spine (which articulate with ribs) and the sacrum. The vertebrae themselves are given numbers by which they are identified, for example... [Read more of this review]

What does atrophy mean, and what causes atrophy of a muscle? The definition of Atrophy, according to Human Anatomy and Physiology (8th Edition) is “reduction in size or wasting away of an organ or cell resulting from disease or lack of use”. Atrophy is also referred to as “muscle wasting”. Atrophy of a muscle can occur in 2... [Read more of this review]